Low temperature atomic layer deposition of cobalt using dicobalt hexacarbonyl-1-heptyne as precursor

• Mathias Franz,
• Mahnaz Safian Jouzdani,
• Lysann Kaßner,
• Marcus Daniel,
• Frank Stahr and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 951–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.78

• correlates to a C=O bonding according to the results from the carbon spectrum [33]. The cobalt 2p peak is split into two parts, the 2p3/2 and the 2p1/2 component, because of the spin–orbit coupling. Cobalt in the metallic state (Co0) has a 2p3/2 peak at 777.3 eV [38] or 778.5 eV [39]. The XPS emission lines

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• can be significant due to large magnetic moments of the atoms and small values of the crystal lattice parameters. Approximations for modeling spin–orbit coupling have been proposed in [41][42]. In particular, the functions proposed by Neel [41] for modeling the bulk magnetostriction and surface

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• calculations of the band structure of t-Te have been revealed that the strong spin–orbit coupling breaks the fourfold degeneracy of the valence band at the H point of the Brillouin zone, creating two non-degenerated H4 and H5 bands and a doubly degenerated H6 band. The H4 and H5 bands contribute to the

Nonlinear features of the superconductor–ferromagnet–superconductor φ₀ Josephson junction in the ferromagnetic resonance region

• Aliasghar Janalizadeh,
• Ilhom R. Rahmonov,
• Sara A. Abdelmoneim,
• Yury M. Shukrinov and
• Mohammad R. Kolahchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1155–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.97

• simulations. The role of the DC superconducting current and the state with negative differential resistance (NDR) in the I–V characteristics were not clarified. Also, the effects of the Josephson-to-magnetic energy ratio and the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) were not investigated at that time. In the present

• demonstrate the Duffing oscillator features in the small parameter regime. Effects of the Josephson-to-magnetic energy ratio, and the spin–orbit coupling on the ADD, referred to earlier as the α-effect [14] are demonstrated. By deriving the formula that couples the DC superconducting current and maximal

• . We have shown that, in the limit of small values for the system parameters Josephson-to-magnetic energy ratio G, damping α, and spin–orbit coupling r, the dynamics is given by a Duffing spring [14]. We focus on the shift in resonance and the effects of nonlinear interactions. We give semi-analytic

Theoretical understanding of electronic and mechanical properties of 1T′ transition metal dichalcogenide crystals

• Seyedeh Alieh Kazemi,
• Sadegh Imani Yengejeh,
• Vei Wang,
• William Wen and
• Yun Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 160–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.11

• experiments or high-level computations with the consideration of non-local effects and spin–orbit coupling. However, the changing trend of the electronic properties caused by the X anions should be the same. The -pCOHP of the TM–X bonds in 1T′ TMDs is analyzed and shown in Figure 3. The bonding and

Topographic signatures and manipulations of Fe atoms, CO molecules and NaCl islands on superconducting Pb(111)

• Carl Drechsel,
• Philipp D’Astolfo,
• Jung-Ching Liu,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Rémy Pawlak and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1–9, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.1

• between two materials, exhibiting particle–hole symmetry and spin–orbit interaction [8]. Among the most promising platforms to realize MZMs are semiconducting nanowires with large spin–orbit coupling [9][10][11][12] or atomic chains [13][14][15][16][17][18] in proximity to an s-wave superconductor. The

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• . This is mainly due to the strong spin–orbit coupling. According to the core–shell model, the g ≈ 1.96 signal arises from the core, where the electrons are trapped and become bound [3][5]. However, defects at the surface require less energy to become unbound and, thus, yield an EPR signal around g

Kondo effects in small-bandgap carbon nanotube quantum dots

• Patryk Florków,
• Damian Krychowski and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1873–1890, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.169

• quantum dots in the presence of spin–orbit coupling in the strong-correlations regime. A finite-U slave-boson mean-field approach is used to study many-body effects. Different degeneracies are restored in a magnetic field and Kondo effects of different symmetries arise, including SU(3) effects of

• equilibrium energy gap is 37 meV·nm2 [9][63]. ΔO and ΔZ stand for orbital and Zeeman parameters of spin–orbit coupling in the form: where sz is the spin component along the nanotube axis and lx is the Pauli matrix in the A–B graphene sublattice space. ΔZ = −δcos(3Θ)/D and ΔO = δ/D [63]. Various theoretical

• they appear when the SU(3) line touches the B = 0 line. Knowing the set of parameters specifying the given nanotube (bandgap, Zeeman-like and orbital-like spin–orbit coupling parameters, and spin and orbital magnetic moments) one can determine the dot energy and magnetic field for which the state SU(3

Light–matter interactions in two-dimensional layered WSe₂ for gauging evolution of phonon dynamics

• Avra S. Bandyopadhyay,
• Chandan Biswas and
• Anupama B. Kaul

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 782–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.63

• includes its high mobility of ≈500 cm2/V·s at room temperature, and a strong spin–orbit coupling [3][13][14]. Thus, it is not surprising that a rich variety of electronic and optoelectronic devices have already been demonstrated using 1L WSe2 which harnesses its exceptional properties [13][15][16]. It is

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• et al. [5] took the first step in this direction, showing how basic considerations of host properties (e.g., nuclear spin isotopes, bandgap, and spin–orbit coupling) can guide the identification of quantum point defects analogous to the diamond NV center, elevating SiC as such a host, with now many

• different spin states occurs at a much slower rate and is mediated by the spin–orbit coupling. Therefore, k23 ≪ k21. This results in the metastable nature of the state |3⟩. From the metastable state |3⟩, the system finally relaxes to the ground state via phosphorescence. Fluorescence occurs when the system

Anomalous current–voltage characteristics of SFIFS Josephson junctions with weak ferromagnetic interlayers

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Aleksei Yu. Kuzin,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Shiro Kawabata,
• Boris G. Lvov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 252–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.19

• electron populations, we neglect τx (τx−1 ≈ 0). We also assume the ferromagnets to have a weak spin–orbit coupling and thus neglect the spin–orbit scattering time τso. After taking into account all the assumptions, the Usadel equations in the ferromagnetic layers for different spin states can be written as

Magnetic and luminescent coordination networks based on imidazolium salts and lanthanides for sensitive ratiometric thermometry

• Pierre Farger,
• Cédric Leuvrey,
• Mathieu Gallart,
• Pierre Gilliot,
• Guillaume Rogez,
• João Rocha,
• Duarte Ananias,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Emilie Delahaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2775–2787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.259

• orbitals. For [Eu(L)(ox)(H2O)], the χT product decreases continuously from 1.4 emu·K·mol−1 at 300 K to 0 emu·K·mol−1 at 1.8 K. This behavior is typical for Eu3+ ions for which the 7F ground term is split in seven 7FJ (0 ≤ J ≤ 6) states because of spin–orbit coupling [54][55]. The spin–orbit coupling

• . This decay is due to the depopulation of the low-lying J states arising from the splitting of the 7F ground term under spin–orbit coupling. In order to determine the spin–orbit coupling, λ, it was necessary to take into account an antiferromagnetic interaction between neighboring Tb3+ ions using a mean

Magnetism and magnetoresistance of single Ni–Cu alloy nanowires

• Andreea Costas,
• Camelia Florica,
• Elena Matei,
• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Andrei Kuncser,
• Victor Kuncser and
• Ionut Enculescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2345–2355, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.219

• the shape anisotropy). It is worth mentioning that Δρ might be positive or negative depending on whether the electron conduction is dominant by spin-up or spin-down electron scattering as well as by the ratio between the spin–orbit coupling parameter and the splitting of the uppermost bands of the

Influence of the thickness of an antiferromagnetic IrMn layer on the static and dynamic magnetization of weakly coupled CoFeB/IrMn/CoFeB trilayers

• Deepika Jhajhria,
• Dinesh K. Pandya and
• Sujeet Chaudhary

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2198–2208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.206

• , AF-based spintronics is gaining momentum because of the unique properties such as zero net magnetization, no stray fields, low magnetic susceptibility, large spin–orbit coupling, ultrafast dynamics and large magneto-transport effects [2][3][4][5][6]. Several of the effects such as tunnel anisotropic

• the high anisotropy field [44][45]. The g values of the trilayer films do not vary much with tIrMn and their influence on the properties related to spin–orbit coupling (SOC), such as magnetic anisotropy and damping is not expected to be significant. The effective magnetization is related to the

Interaction-induced zero-energy pinning and quantum dot formation in Majorana nanowires

• Samuel D. Escribano,
• Alfredo Levy Yeyati and
• Elsa Prada

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2171–2180, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.203

• some critical Zeeman field without the expected oscillatory pattern [12][19][24][25]. Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for the reduction or lack of oscillations, such as smooth confinement [21][26][27][28], strong spin–orbit coupling [29], position-dependent pairing [30], orbital

• annihilation operators, and σ and τ are the Pauli matrices in spin and Nambu space, respectively. The model is defined by setting the parameters m*, μ, α, VZ and Δ, corresponding to the effective mass, the chemical potential, the spin–orbit coupling, the Zeeman energy caused by an external magnetic field, and

• indicated. (b) Low-energy spectrum as a function of the chemical potential μ for a wire of thickness W = 100 nm and length L = 1 μm. Other parameters are the spin–orbit coupling α = 20 nm·meV, the induced pairing energy Δ = 0.3 meV and the Zeeman energy VZ = 2 meV. Electrostatic environment-induced zero

A zero-dimensional topologically nontrivial state in a superconducting quantum dot

• Pasquale Marra,
• Alessandro Braggio and
• Roberta Citro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1705–1714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.162

• [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The simplest realization of a topological superconductor is the well-known Kitaev chain [3], which can be implemented in a one-dimensional system proximized by a conventional superconductor in the presence of a magnetic field and spin–orbit coupling [21][22][23][24][25

• without a finite spin–orbit coupling. The resulting topological transitions coincide with a change of the fermion parity (topological invariant) and can be identified by discontinuities in the CPR and by a measure of the critical current at low temperatures. Results and Discussion Effective model We

• interaction U > 0 can be transformed with the non-interacting phase U = 0 by a smooth transformation without closing the gap. It is important to note that in the 0D case (differently from the 1D case) topological states can be realized without spin–orbit coupling. This is because topological states in the

Josephson effect in junctions of conventional and topological superconductors

• Alex Zazunov,
• Albert Iks,
• Miguel Alvarado,
• Alfredo Levy Yeyati and
• Reinhold Egger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1659–1676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.158

• matrices σx,y,z and σ0 refer to spin. In the figures shown below, we choose the model parameters in Equation 34 as discussed in [43]. The lattice spacing is set to a = 10 nm, which results in a nearest-neighbor hopping t = 2/(2m*a2) = 20 meV and the spin–orbit coupling strength α = 4 meV for InAs nanowires

Spatial Rabi oscillations between Majorana bound states and quantum dots

• Jun-Hui Zheng,
• Dao-Xin Yao and
• Zhi Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1527–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.143

• real systems. Majorana bound states have been theoretically proposed in several systems [9][6][5][20][13], while the experiments concentrate on semiconductors with spin–orbit coupling and the superconducting gap that is induced by the superconducting proximity effect [21][24][25][19]. One promising

• candidate is the hybrid system of a spin–orbit-coupling nanowire and a conventional superconductor. Robust zero-bias conductance peak was first reported in this system, which originates from the self-conjugate nature of Majorana bound states and therefore was wildly recognized as a signature. An exotic

Robust topological phase in proximitized core–shell nanowires coupled to multiple superconductors

• Tudor D. Stanescu,
• Anna Sitek and
• Andrei Manolescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1512–1526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.142

• promising involving semiconductor-superconductor hybrid systems [5][6][7][8][9]. The basic idea [10][11][12][13] is to proximity-couple a semiconductor nanowire with strong Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling (e.g., InSb or InAs) to a standard s-type superconductor (e.g., NbTiN or Al) in the presence of a

• two types of states. The next term represents the Rashba type spin-orbit coupling (SOC), with longitudinal and transverse components proportional to α and α′, respectively. The underlying assumption is that the spin-orbit coupling is generated by an effective potential in the shell region due to the

• superconductors. A non-zero phase difference was shown to stabilize the topological phase in a Josephson junction across a 2D electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and in-plane magnetic field [42] and in a topological insulator nanoribbon coupled with two superconductors [43]. Here, for concreteness, we

Predicting the strain-mediated topological phase transition in 3D cubic ThTaN₃

• Chunmei Zhang and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1399–1404, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.132

• important in the fields of physics [4][5], chemistry, and materials science [6]. TIs are materials with a bulk band gap generated by strong spin–orbit coupling (SOC) that have topologically protected metallic surface states. Although many materials are theoretically predicted to be TIs [7][8][9][10][11

Interplay between pairing and correlations in spin-polarized bound states

• Szczepan Głodzik,
• Aksel Kobiałka,
• Anna Gorczyca-Goraj,
• Andrzej Ptok,
• Grzegorz Górski,
• Maciej M. Maśka and
• Tadeusz Domański

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1370–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.129

• and interactions. We explore the influence of the spin–orbit coupling on energies, polarization and spatial patterns of the bound (Yu–Shiba–Rusinov) states of magnetic impurities in a two-dimensional square lattice. We also address the peculiar bound states in the proximitized Rashba chain, resembling

• YSR states [25][26]. In this work we focus on the magnetic term J [4][27], disregarding the potential scattering K. The spin–orbit coupling (SOC) can be expressed by where the vector refers to positions of the nearest neighbors of the i-th site, and = (σx, σy, σz) stands for the Pauli matrices. The

• transformation where are quasiparticle fermionic operators with eigenvectors uinσ and vinσ. This leads to the Bogoliubov–de Gennes (BdG) equations where Dij = δijUχi, and the single-particle term is given by with the spin–orbit coupling term Here, and (where is opposite to σ) correspond to in-plane and out

Disorder-induced suppression of the zero-bias conductance peak splitting in topological superconducting nanowires

• Jun-Tong Ren,
• Hai-Feng Lü,
• Sha-Sha Ke,
• Yong Guo and
• Huai-Wu Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1358–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.128

• shown in Figure 1. We consider a setup of two normal metal leads sandwiching a spin-orbit coupled semiconductor nanowire, which is covered by a parent s-wave superconductor to induce the proximity effect. The Zeeman field is realized by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the spin-orbit coupling

• spin-orbit coupling constant, ci = [ci↑, ci↓]T () is the spinor form of electron annihilation (creation) operator on the ith site, and σi, i = 0, x, y, z, are Pauli matrices acting on the spin space. The wire length is L = Na where a is the lattice constant and N is the total number of sites. In this

• Hamiltonian with the effective chemical potential μeff = μ + VZ/2 and the effective pairing energy Δeff = αΔ/2VZ. Because small spin-orbit coupling is considered, the effect of the disorder δΔ in the pairing energy is considerably suppressed with increasing VZ due to the multiplication factor α/2VZ. However

Andreev spectrum and supercurrents in nanowire-based SNS junctions containing Majorana bound states

• Jorge Cayao,
• Annica M. Black-Schaffer,
• Elsa Prada and
• Ramón Aguado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1339–1357, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.127

• Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.9.127 Abstract Hybrid superconductor–semiconductor nanowires with Rashba spin–orbit coupling are arguably becoming the leading platform for the search of Majorana bound

• states (MBSs) in engineered topological superconductors. We perform a systematic numerical study of the low-energy Andreev spectrum and supercurrents in short and long superconductor–normal–superconductor junctions made of nanowires with strong Rashba spin–orbit coupling, where an external Zeeman field

• –superconductor junctions; Josephson effect; Majorana bound states; nanowires; spin–orbit coupling; Zeeman interaction; Introduction A semiconducting nanowire with strong Rashba spin–orbit coupling (SOC) with proximity-induced s-wave superconducting correlations can be tuned into a topological superconductor by

Proximity effect in a two-dimensional electron gas coupled to a thin superconducting layer

• Christopher Reeg,
• Daniel Loss and
• Jelena Klinovaja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1263–1271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.118

• -energy, we find that the induced gap in the presence of only Rashba spin–orbit coupling can be made comparable to the bulk gap of the superconductor only if the tunneling energy scale exceeds the large level spacing of the superconducting layer. As in the 1D case, the large tunneling energy scale induces

Inverse proximity effect in semiconductor Majorana nanowires

• Alexander A. Kopasov,
• Ivan M. Khaymovich and
• Alexander S. Mel'nikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1184–1193, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.109

• resulting restrictions on the operation of Majorana-based devices. A strong paramagnetic effect for electrons entering the semiconductor together with spin–orbit coupling and van Hove singularities in the electronic density of states in the wire are responsible for the suppression of superconducting

• separates the regimes with trivial and nontrivial topological properties of the system [3][4][18]. Further increase in the magnetic field is known to suppress the proximity effect since in the absence of the spin–orbit coupling the Fermi level crosses the only energy branch with a complete spin polarization

• along the magnetic field direction. The nonzero spin–orbit coupling destroys this spin polarization mixing different spin projections and resulting in a nonzero induced superconducting gap in the wire of approximately αΔind/gβH, where Δind is the induced superconducting order parameter in the wire, and